{"id":138,"date":"2021-03-01T10:26:54","date_gmt":"2021-03-01T10:26:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/Neu\/?p=138"},"modified":"2022-03-21T15:25:55","modified_gmt":"2022-03-21T15:25:55","slug":"radioactive-waste","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/2021\/03\/01\/radioactive-waste\/","title":{"rendered":"RADIOACTIVE WASTE"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"138\" class=\"elementor elementor-138\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-11598d0e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"11598d0e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d7aaf\" data-id=\"7d7aaf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38071446 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38071446\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zwischen- und Endlager f\u00fcr radioaktive Abf\u00e4lle<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-399d68f9 gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"399d68f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bisher haben sich Geologen, in der Schweiz die NAGRA, nur f\u00fcr die geologischen Tiefenlager eingesetzt und laufend politische Entscheide in diesem Sinne erwirkt. Es scheinen aber auch andere L\u00f6sungen m\u00f6glich. Dazu geh\u00f6ren trockene <strong>H\u00f6hen-Endlager<\/strong>. Fachleute und Politiker m\u00fcssen sich mit solchen L\u00f6sungen ernsthaft auseinandersetzen und bei positiver Bewertung entsprechende Entscheidungen und Gesetzes\u00e4nderungen vornehmen.<\/p>\n<p>Die chemischen, finanziellen und politischen Probleme der Tiefenlager sind offensichtlich. Die n\u00e4chsten zwei Generationen werden alle Aspekte der gegenw\u00e4rtig geplanten Lagerung von radioaktiven Abf\u00e4llen erneut analysieren, vor allem der Korrosion, der R\u00fcckholbarkeit und der Kosten. Sie werden bei unvoreingenommener Pr\u00fcfung zum Schluss kommen, sicher keine geologischen Tiefenlager zu bauen. Sie werden die gesparten Milliarden einsetzen, um Kernkraftwerke der Generation III und IV zu bauen*, <strong>um nicht den Anschluss an die meisten anderen industrialisierten L\u00e4nder zu verpassen, die die sichere Kernenergie ausbauen und damit f\u00fcr elektrische Versorgungssicherheit, vern\u00fcnftige Strompreise und f\u00fcr Verminderung des CO<\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><strong>-Ausstosses (Klimawandel!) sorgen. Das gilt besonders f\u00fcr Deutschland und die Schweiz mit dem populistischen und wenig durchdachten politisch motivierten Atomausstieg als Blitz-Reaktion auf den Fukushima-Reaktorunfall.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Die n\u00e4chsten Generationen werden sehr froh sein, wenn sie die bis jetzt verbrauchten Brennst\u00e4be, deren Energie nur zu 1.5% bis 5% genutzt worden ist, nicht aus dem \u00abSumpf\u00bb der Tiefenlager, aus 500m bis 800m Tiefe, gewinnen m\u00fcssen &#8211; um in Reaktoren der Generation IV (Transmutation, <strong>Schnelle Br\u00fcter<\/strong>) die gewaltigen Energiemengen zu nutzen-, sondern daf\u00fcr die gut verpackten Brennst\u00e4be mit Gabelstaplern aus dem trockenen H\u00f6henlager effizient herausholen k\u00f6nnen. Ein Schneller Br\u00fcter in Beloyarsk\/Russland liefert seit 1986 zuverl\u00e4ssig Strom.<\/p>\n<p>Chemiker, Materialwissenschaftler, Bauingenieure und Architekten werden mit Sicherheit, unter Mithilfe von Geologen, in der Lage sein, H\u00f6hen-Zwischen- und Endlager in einem einsamen Gebirgs-Tal zu bauen, das mindestens so sicher ist wie die Tiefenlager und das die Vorteile der R\u00fcckholbarkeit, der Trockenheit und Korrosionsvermeidung, des geringen politischen Widerstandes, der effizienten technisch einfachen Errichtung und vor allem der enormen Kostenreduktion hat<\/p>\n<p><strong>Allgemeine Bemerkungen zur Energie-Politik<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Eine hervorragende Diskussion der Energie- und Klima-Problematik wurde von Prof. David JC MacKay, dem zu fr\u00fch verstorbenen Chef-Berater der englischen Regierung f\u00fcr Energie- und Klimafragen und Mitglied des Welt-Klima-Rats, in seinem Buch \u00abSustainable Energy- without the Hot air\u00bb, Cambridge 2009 ver\u00f6ffentlicht.<\/p>\n<p>*In der Schweiz wurden am Paul-Scherrer-Institut der ETH die Risiken der Prim\u00e4r-Energien Kohle, \u00d6l, Gas, Solar- und Windenergie sowie Kernenergie zusammengestellt, die Kosten der Elektrizit\u00e4t verglichen, die Entwicklung der Atomreaktoren f\u00fcr die Zukunft erarbeitet, und all diese Daten in zahlreichen Berichten und Publikationen ver\u00f6ffentlicht**. Diese fundierten Ergebnisse wurden aber nach dem Fukushima-Unfall bei der emotionalen und spontanen Entscheidung der Politik zum Atomausstieg in Deutschland und der Schweiz nicht ber\u00fccksichtigt. Der Atomausstieg wurde ohne Vernehmlassung der von der zuverl\u00e4ssigen Versorgung mit Elektroenergie abh\u00e4ngigen Industrie, ohne Ber\u00fccksichtigung der erwarteten Elektromobilit\u00e4t, \u00a0\u00a0gegen den Widerstand sehr vieler Wissenschaftler und Ingenieure und gegen den Widerstand der Energiekonzerne getroffen.- Eine Analyse des Fukushima-Unfalls mit Diskussion der Strahlensch\u00e4den und Entsorgung des radioaktiven Wassers wurde 2018 publiziert***.<\/p>\n<p>In dem GPE-Projekt wurden Konzepte f\u00fcr sichere H\u00f6henlager in der Schweiz und in Deutschland entwickelt. &#8211; Die notwendige Aufkl\u00e4rung der Medienvertreter, der Politiker und des Volkes ist ganz besonders wichtig und muss schon in den Schulen beginnen.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>** The Energy-related Severe Accident Database (ENSAD) for comparative risk assessment of accidents in the energy sector. P. Burgherr, M. Spada, A. Kalinina, S. Hirschberg et al: in <strong>Safety and Reliability \u2013 Theory and Applications<\/strong>, Editors Cepin &amp; Bris, Taylor &amp; Francis London 2017, ISBN 978-1-138-62937-0, p. 1417-1424.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; S. Hirschberg et al.: Bewertung aktueller und zuk\u00fcnftiger Kernenergietechnologien. Schlussbericht an das Bundesamt f\u00fcr Energie BFE, Oktober 2012, PSI-ETH.<\/p>\n<p>*** H.J. Scheel: Experiences from the Fukushima Disaster. IntechOpen London October 2018.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-197172e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"197172e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53ba3063\" data-id=\"53ba3063\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32281179 elementor-button-info elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"32281179\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Realisierbare-Endlager-fuer-RAW-CH-D-20-2-2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Realisierbare-Endlager-fuer-RAW<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d4f721 elementor-button-info elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"9d4f721\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Proposal_RAW_V1.1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Realisierbare Endlager<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zwischen- und Endlager f\u00fcr radioaktive Abf\u00e4lle Bisher haben sich Geologen, in der Schweiz die NAGRA, nur f\u00fcr die geologischen Tiefenlager eingesetzt und laufend politische Entscheide in diesem Sinne erwirkt. Es scheinen aber auch andere L\u00f6sungen m\u00f6glich. Dazu geh\u00f6ren trockene H\u00f6hen-Endlager. Fachleute und Politiker m\u00fcssen sich mit solchen L\u00f6sungen ernsthaft auseinandersetzen und bei positiver Bewertung entsprechende [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":149,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forthcoming"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=138"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":972,"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138\/revisions\/972"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/general-protection-engineering.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}